HP GK Details Of Shimla In English

HP GK Details Of Shimla In English

Shimla 

Ancient history Shimla 

• Bushahar is largest and ratesh is smallest 
• Balsan –Founded in 12th century 
• Alak sing founded balsan –rathore decendent of sirmaur 
• Fief of sirmaur before 1805 
• At gorkha invasion – part of kumarsein –under jograj 
• Jograj supported british-handed nagan fort to david octerlony 
• Given the title khilat and rana by britishers-1858 and ranked 11 th among shimla hill states 
• Ranbahadur last ruler –history of balsan written by him 
• Currently balsan was the part of theog 

Bhajji –

• Founded by charu –kutheler descendent 
• Changed name udaypal 
• Sohanpal changed the capital and founded sunni city 
• Gorkha invasion 1803 -1815
• Freed by britishers -1815 and independent treaty to rana rudrapal –renounced throne and lived in haridwar 
• Last ruler – ramchanderpal – merged with mahasu 1948 
• Bhajji part of sunni tehsil

Koti 

• Founded by chandra- brother of charu Koti was the capital which later was changed by tarachand thakur to kyar koti 
• The princely state was annexed by gorkhas in 1809 1815 again become estate of keonthal 
• Harichand helped british and in return title of rana Koti was part of keonthal 

Darkoti – 

• Founded by durga chand 
• From marwar 
• Currently falls in kotkhaii tehsil 
• Merged with mahasu

Throach

• Founded by kishan singh –sisodiya dynasty of udaipur –received fief from sirmaur 
• Thakur karma singh was ruler – at gorkhas invasion1815 
• 1843-british removed gorkhas and placed ranjit singh on throne 
• Thakur surat singh last ruler –permanent title rana 
• Merged with chaupal on april 15,1948 
• Dhadi –branch of throach 
• Later annexed by bushahar 
• At time of gorkha invasion –dhadi merged with Rabindera garh 
• 1896 – become merged with jubbal

Kumarsein 

• Founded by Kirat Chand-came from Gaya 
• Ajmer singh defeated Man singh of Kullu –captured sarai and shangri fort 
• Kumarsein –state of jaagir of Bushahr 
• Rana kehar singh – refuge at kullu during gorkha invasion 
• Rana PritamChand –helped british -seige Of srigarhFort
• Rana Vidhyadhar singh –Last ruler of kumars-part of mahasu 1948 

Khaneti –

• Founded sabir chand 
• Fief of bushahar after gorkhas
• Independent under lal chand thakur in 1890

Delath – 

• Founded By Prithvi singh , Brother kirat chand 
• Delath was amalagmated into Bushahr state in1948 
• Made part – mahasu 
• Presently Its part of Rampur bushahr

Dhami –

• Founded by govind pal – descendent Of Prithvi raj chauhan –rajpura 
• Raja Raj singh – replace Pal with singh as suffix 
• Before gorkhas -1805 –dhami princely state of bilaspur –occupied by gorkhas 1805-1815
• Raja goverdhan –assisted british – gave him Independent Treaty 
• Raja Goverdhan –assisted in british -1857 – halog capital – merged Mahasu -15 april as part of kasumpti 

Jubbal –

• Founder --1195- karm chand – sunpur capital- shifted to Purana jubbal 
• Rana gaur chand –sunpur to Devara (DEORHA) 
• Purana Chand – during gurkhas –title by rana By british – karmchand –harsh ruler
• Thaorach merged 1841 aand ravi and dhari merged -1896 
• After purana chand karmachand become ruler lover of art but rude behave 
• Bhaktchand – king Title -1918 
• Last ruler –Digvijay chand and merged with mahasu in1948  
• Presently Its part of Rampur bushahr

Bushahr 

• Founded by Pradyuman –came to married his son to banasur daughter in sarahan 
• Made capital –kamru 
• Raja chattar singh –kamru to sarahan 
• Raja kehri singh –Ajanabahu & chattarpati by aurangzeb 
• Hangrang valley and lavi fair 
• Raja ram singh –subdued dhankar of spiti and changed sarahan to rampur 
• Gorkhas invasion-1810 
• Raja mahendera drove out Gorkhas 
• Raja shamsher singh –did not support british 1857 
• Raja padam singh –last ruler

Ratesh 

• Founder-Raisingh (Brother KarmaPrakash) 
• King Somar prakash-ratesh capital
• Ratesh –small hill state 
• Manor –sirmaur and keonthal 
• At time gorkha Invasion-escaped from sirmaur and saved his life 
• Thakur Shamsher –last ruler of ratesh 

Shangri 

• Raja maan singh occupied estate 
• After gorkha war –british war 1815-vikram singh ruler 
• Shangri handed over to kullu
• Heera singh conferred title Rai in 1887 
• Rai raghubir last ruler 

Ghund 

• Janjan singh as founder 
• Become princely part of keonthal -1815 again 
• Ranjit singh last ruler

Madhan – 

• Bhup singh –second son pf raja bhim chand of kehlur-brother of jais and janjan singh
• Mahender singh -last ruler 
• Part of keonthal state 
• Merged with mahasu 1948 

Kotkhai 

• Founded by ahimmpal of kumarsein 
• Fief of kumarsein ,kullu,bushahar 
• After gorkha war –british war 1815-kotkhai was given to rana ranjit singh – kotgarh kept themselves 

Karangla 

• Fief of bushahr 
• Founded by sansar chand of kumarsen 

Sari –

• established in 1195 
• Founder mool chand 
• Purna singh last ruler 
• Given to bushar as whole

History of Shimla city 

• Naming of shimla 
• Named after shyamala devi ( Blue women ) 
• Small temple on jakhu Hill near rhothney castle-shifted to kalibari by british 
• British gathered 28 big states and small princely states around shimla in district in 1816 
• Discovery of Shimla city -1817 -2 officers of Scotland –captain Patrick Gerard _Alexender gerard described village in his diary 
• Shimla discovered by –LT Ross in 1819 –wooden house
• Charles pett kennedy –pucca house – 1822 –kennedy house 
• Lord amherst –first governor general to visit Shimla -1827 at kennedy house 
• Lord comberemere –bridge -1828 
• Bantik castle , Aukland house , Snowdon ,bainimore buildings were built in shimla in 1828-29

Events in 1830-1840 

• In 1830 –major kennedy -12 villages from raja of keonthal to phagli , bamloi , kanalog , khalini and 4 villages of kanthu , chayog and badhog in maharaja patiala for city of shimla 
• Gulbudin –first mosque in shimla city in 1830 
• Lord william bentinck –visited shimla -1832 
• Fun fair annadale ground -1833  Major kennedy started potato cultivation –shimla hill region 
• Decision to attack afghanistan -1838- aukland house 
• Rhothney castle -1838 
• Lord aukland –first british ruler who bought land for his residence in shimla in1836 on which auckland house built

Events in 1840-1850 

• Coln J.Bailu –observatory hills -1844 -become viceregal lodge 
• Governor general –lord harding –bishop ray –daniel wilson of calcutta – foundation stone of ridge church of christ church shimla in 1844 –completed in 1857 
• In 1844 -US club was formed- 

Events of 1850-1860 

• Lord dalhousie –HT Road -1850-1851- used for transport from 1860 

• Dhalli tunnel – major briggs -1851 

• Shimla municipality –was established in 1851-52 • BCS formed in -1859 

• Residence of Colonel Cathyang was completed -1857 in allergy 

• At revolt 1857- Lord William Hays –Deputy Commisioner of Shimla and General Anson Commander in chief of army

Events in 1860-1870 

• Lord kenning –first viceroy to visit shimla -1860 
• Due to efforts of lord john lawerence -1864-become summer capital of india 
• Lawerence Asylum was built in 1861 Ad At Sanawar in kasauli 
• Shimla was the summer capital -1864-1947 
• Lord elgin –first viceroy to stop at Peterhoff in 1863 AD 

Events of 1870-1880 

• Shimla attained status first class municipality -1871 
• Shimla was summer headquarters of government of punjab -1871-1947 
• Barnes Court –residence of LT Governor of punjab from 1879 
• Lord lytton –stayed in petterhoff –wife 
• Proposal of town hall on ridge ground came -1880 
• Henry irwin design -1888as town hall 
• The underground reservoir tank in ridge ground of shimla -1880 
• Allaince bamk of shimla -1874

Events in 1880-1900 

• Lord rippon –foundation of Rippon hospital -1882 –dedicated by lord Erfin to 1885 
• A.O hume concieved idea –INC-1883 –Rhothey Castle 
• Gaiety Theatre _1887 –on victoria birth – time will tell 
• The Cahrleston house -1880 
• Vicereral building was builting on observatory –time of lord dufferin 
• Kalka shimla railway line for frieght -1891 
• HS harrington , bhalku –surveyed the lin ewith stick 
• First train on railway was run in 1903 –flagged by lord Curzon 
• Events of 1900-1920 
• Shimla bus stand -1907 
• Electricity supplied to shimla by chaba hydroelectric project -1913 
• Lady reading hospital -1914 –kamla nehru hospital 
• Vittal bhai patel started disobedience -1914 Civil secretariat moved gorten castle -1904 
• In 1914 –decision to draw the Mc mohan line was taken shimla 
• St beed college was established in 1904

Events in 1920-1940 

• In 1921 –forced labor was shimla district Mahatma-with his kasturba Gandhi ,lala lajpat rai , madan Moghan Malviya –first came to shimla on 11May 1921 
• Mahatma gandhi came to shimla -1931 
• Lord reading –council chamber in 1925 .st Edward school built -1925 
• Events 1940-1950 AD 
• Shimla Conference in1945 
• Cabinet mission conference -1946 –Shimla 
• Shimla was head quarters-burmese government of burma from 1942-1945 
• Punjab highcourt –petterhoff –against nathuram godse 
• Petroleum was governor house –fire -1981  Victory tinnel -1945 – to commemrote –victory second world war 
• Viceregal lodge –Rashtrapati Niwas -1947 renamed as IIAS-1965 –built by Dufferin

Post events

• Summer capital of Punjab -1953 
• Akaashvaani shimla -1955 
• Shimla agreement -1972 –india –pakistan  
• HP State Mueseum _1974 
• Snoedon _IGMC-1985 
• Rippon hospital –deendayal hospital -1990 
• Barnes court –official residence –governor –HP-1992 
• Gorten castle –current Accountant general 
• High court –ravenshood 
• Ball singham –official residence –of deputy commisioner 
• Oakover –CM House 
• Rhotney Castle Official house _AO hume –Bushahr 
• HP Secretariat – Allergy –annadale 
• Lord kitcher died –dhalli tunnel 
• Petterhoff –state guest house 
• City merged with hp in 1966

Geography 

• Location 
• Latitude - 30.45 to 31*44 N 
• Longitude -77* to 78*19 E 

Major Rivers-

Satluj 

• Vedic name –shatdru 
• Emerge from Rakas tal ,near mansarovar lake
• Enters shipkila pass to kinnaur first 
• From kinnaur its enter shimla from chaura 
• Enters mandi –firnu –borders with karsog 
• Satluj –tributaries –shimla 
• Nogali- , manchhad ,baihra , Khekhar ,Chamda and Sawera 
• Giri –kupar Peak Jubbal 
• Asani –giri river –shimla 
• Pabbar –Chandernahan Lake –joins near tuni (chakarta ) 
• Bilaspur –kasol n form gobind Sagar lake and leaves Neila

Demographics 

• Area -5131 sq.km 
• Sex ratio -915 
• Block division -10 
• Literacy -86.64 % 
• Population density -159 
• Assembly constituencies -8 
• Infant sex Ratio -925 
• Gram Panchayat -363 

Lakes – 

• Chandernahan-chansal peak 
• Tanu jubbal , -near narkanda 
• Karali – chotta shalli hillock
• Garhkuffar 
• Bardonsar –located between Dodra Kwar and Sangla

Borders district 

• North –kullu &Mandi 
• South –Sirmaur 
• West –Solan 
• East-Uttrakhand 
• North west –lahaul spiti
• South east –uttrakhand 

Waterfall 

• Jeori –Hotwater 
• Chadwick –cold water

Temples 

• Sankat mochan 
• Located in tara devi
• Devoted to hanuman ji 
• Built in 1926 by Baba 
• Neem Karori of nainital
• Jakhoo temple 
• Devoted to hanuman 
• Situated at about 8500ft 
• 108 ft statue of lord hanuman 
• Hatkoti temple 
• Rohru 
• Built in 7 th century 
• Has ashtdhatu image of mahishasurmardini 
• Renovated by veerprakash

Famous folk dance 

• Geh or ghee dance 
• sirmaur , theog , chaupal , shimla 
• Performed in form of question answer 

Hudak 

• Chopal region of shimla 
• Shiva tandav 
• Ghughati dance 
• Shimla 
• Dancer placed hands in thieir shoulders 
• Youth dance 
• Folk songs Shimla –lahmana , jhuri , nati and haa

Horticulture- 

• First garden –mashobra 
• 1918 –samual evans planted apples at kotgarh 
• Alexender coats in british variety of shimla Economy 
• jeori –sheep breeding farm-1965 
• Savara kuddu 
• Andhra project 
• Shimla

Fairs and festivals 

• Shand fair
• Phag fair 
• Rampur –district level 
• Lavi fair 
• Rampur –started by kehri 
• Sippi fair –shimla 
• Shimla summer festival