HP GK Details Of Mandi In English

HP GK Details Of Mandi In English

MANDI 

• History of MANDI 
• Geography 
• Rivers 
• Passses 
• Mountains 
• Culture 
• Arts 
• Demographics 
• Fairs and festivals 
• Temples

SUKET 

NAMING 

Name of sundernagar region was earlier –sukshetra or shukhet –suket Lived mahatma –sukdev-named –sukshetra –later suket Ancient name –Baned

Establishment – 

• According to Alexender cunningham –suket was founded birsen 
• Sena dynasty  Of bengal 
• His father Roopsen –Ropar 
• Veersen –Kunnu Dhar residence
• First capital of suket princely state-Pangna 
• Veersen got married his daughter –married to Mushan 
• Gave Pangna estate as dowry to Mushan
• Imprisoned Bhuppal –Princely state of Kullu his estate 
• Laid boundary line with kangra –Veerdurg constructed at Seer Khad 
• Veersen constructed birkot –defeating Rana of Hatli

Vikram sen 

• Religious nature 
• Went on haridwar 
• Handling his kingdom -2 years –for his brother Tri vikram sen 
• Tri vikram sen conspired against Vikram sen in association with Hastpal king of Kullu 
• Defeated Triviksen and Hastpal –battle of jury with help of king of keonthal 

Laxman sen 

• Invaded kullu and captured parts of waziri rupi ,waziri lagsari and waziri Parol 
• At time king of Kullu was hamirpul 

Sahusen 

• Son of vijaysen 
• Deteriorating relationship younger Bahusen left Suket –mangalore in Kullu –established his own princely state

Madan sen 

• Built madan kot –north pangna
• Defeated rana of gumma and drang –captured salt mines 
• Recaptured kullu –gave the area from manali to bajaura –rana bhosal 
• Defeated Rana mangal of Batwara –forcing rana mangal –cross satluj – 
• Establish mangal 
• Under his reign –suket reached peak of Prosperity 
• Changed pangna to lohara 

Kartar sen 

• Lohra –kartarpur 
• Called purannagar 
• After Kartarsen -Arjun – king –contemporary of Jagat Singh –king of Kullu

Shyam sen 

• Mughal emperor Shah Jahan was pleased –granted khilat to Shyamsen  ordered to run his sposture Shyam had a war kalyan chand of bilaspur 
• Kalyan died was called kalyan chand deori 
• Shyam Sen  summoned to delhi by mughal emperor Aurangzeb on the  Of Raja jagat singh of nurpur 
• Shyam sen prayed for liberation from Mahunag after which Jagat singh's  rebellion led to  shyamsen release from prison 
• Donated jagir mahunag temple –annual tax -400 rupees 
• Ramsen built ramgarh fort in madhopur after shyamsen 

Jeet sen 

• Contemprory raja shyam and siddha sen 
• Thikar nath –shyam sen 
• Defeated –lohara –by shyam sen 
• Sidhsen –help of bhimchand of kahlur –attacked suket –hatlidhar – virkot

Garur sen 1721-1748 

• Founded city of sundernagar 
• Made capital –vikam sen ii 
• Queen of Garur sen-surajkund temple 

Vikram sen 1748-1767 

• Ahmed shah captured -1752 
• 1758 -adina baig –captured suket 
• First sikh rule –jassa singh ramgarhia -1758 

Ranjit sen 1767-91 

• Jai singh Kanhaiya 1775-1786 – kept suket 
• Ranjit sen –hated his brother Kishan Singh –father in law sansar chand 
• Narpat wazir –relation with vikram sen II was not good 
• Left suket –went to place kangra

Vikram sen II 

• Lived in mahalmoriyo from 1786 to 1792
• After death Vikram sen II attained Throne 
• Kept narpat Wazir improsoned –partition of Fort 
• Baned capital 
• suket come under Ranjit Singh -1809 –during Vikram sen 
• William moorcraft visited 
• Along chacha kishan –capture 6forts of Mandi 
• Pannu killed while fighting wazir of mandi 
• King of mandi ishwari sen captured –sansar chand -12 years 
• Amarsingh thapa withdrew suket and took Veerkot 
• Built pali and Doodar forts 
• Ranjit helped against gorkhas -11000rupees –after suket come under sikhs 

Ugra sen 

• Vigne visited -1839 
• Naunihal singh –grand of ranjit singh Capture suket –leadership general Vanchure
• In 1846-ugrasen –subjugation british by expelling sikh 
• 1846-princely come under British 
• Wazir Narottam –durga temple 
• Wazir –narsimha temple ,shiv temple –amlabimla 
• Died in october -1976 
• 1846 –awarded treaty

Dust Nikandan 

• School in Bhojpur -1893 
• Post office baned -1900 
• Telegraph -1906 
• Brige at jury -1889-sutlej river

Bhim sen 

• King edward school –baned 
• Mandi suket motor road 

Lakshman sen 

• Last king 
• 1921-british government 
• 1948-suket satyagrah –pandit padamdev 
• Mandi -1948

Establishment of Mandi 

• Established -1000AD 
• By bahu sen –brother sahu sen 
• Laid foundation of Mandi –Manglore (kullu) 
• Established –Haat (kullu) 

Ban sen 

• 11th generation of Bahusen 
• King karamchansen was killed by Raja Kullu in Mangalore war around 1278AD
• Karamchan sen wife”s gave birth to son –Bansen under oak tree in siokot mandi –under his father's jurisdiction 
• Bansen maternal grandfather had no children –head siakot 
• Capital –bhiuli 
• Bansen ruled 1278-1340 AD 
• Kalyan sen the son of Bansen –batahul –town of Mandi

Ajber Sen 

• Become king of Mandi -1526 
• Founded city 
• Built bhootnath temple 
• Queen sultana –trilokinath temple 
• Died 1534AD 
• City –mandvya rishi 

Sahib Sen 

• Occupied Salt mines at Drang -1554 Contemprory of Akbar 
• Sahib sen along with raja PratapSingh Of Kullu defeated raja Jaichand of Lug and captured Siraj Mandi

Narayan sen 

• Conquered large part of King uday Sen Of suket 
• Extended kingdom to Balh and loharu 

Harisen 

• Contemprory of jagat singh of nurpur 
• Erected a memorial in varshila in memory of His father Keshav sen 

Surajsen 

• Come under control Mughalsduring keshavsen before Surajsen 
• Built kamlagarh fort -1625 
• Built damadama mahal 
• Silver statue of Madho rao -16March 1648 –after death of 18sons 
• Beginning of rathyatra at mandi shivratri –first pocession 
• Queen of surajsen –narayala lala his brother 
• Armies of Bangahal and kullu defeated Surajsen in Battle and captured shahpur Forts 
• RajaMansingh of Guler –defeated surajsen –looted twice in Mandi 
• Captured fort of Kamlagarh 
• With help of Jalpu wazir killed rana of anantpur in Naripuri temple 
• Queen cursed zalapu to killed his husband  
• Married to daughter of Raja jagat singh of nurpur 
• Sandhol as dowry 
• Madhorao as total deity 

Shyam sen 

• Become king 
• Shyamakali temple mandi –taranadhar 
• Defeated jeetsen –lohara 
• Jeetsen captured by Mandi soldier Nayana Katoch-snatched crown and presented Shyamsen 
• Allowed 8 pounds of salt per annum from darang salt mines 
• Kept Herba singh fortified lohara fort 
• Suket and Mandi always fighting each other –Balh valley 

Sidh sen 

• Guru govind singh –during reign sidhsen 
• Killed prithvipal –damdama palace 
• Built sarkhpur fort -1695 
• Built sidh jalpa , panchvaktra temple 
• Mian jappu as wazir –a shrewd politician 
• Charge of administration  
• Land settled in mandi -200years 
• Suchan hatli , dalel sarkhpur fort 
• Sidhsen father law –prithvipal of bangahal –murdered Damdama Mahal 
• Sister married King Mansingh Of kullu 
• Attacked kullu 
• Biru singh as commander

Shamsher Sen 

• Become king of mandi -5years 
• Brother Dhul Chatiya 
• In childhood state took charge mian jappu –help of rani hatli 
• Invaded kullu and chahur area 
• Rani hatli along with haridas And dharmanath had jappu killed  which angered king 
• Gave to death dharmanath ,due to fear queen left Mandi –living Gghassanu 
• Made  his brother dhul chatiya As wazir 
• Shamsher sen's son –surma sen 
• During Shamsher sen was under the influence of jassa singh Ramgarhia  –Jai singh  kanhiya 
• Shamsher died in 1781 after 54 years of Rule 

Surma sen 

• Separated his relatives and Mian People from work of state 
• spread fear of king among other employees 
• Tried to develop this principle in his court and officers by adopting keep quiet principle 
• King of kullu _ pritam singh –at time of surma sen 

Ishwari sen 

• Imprisoned by sansar chand for 12years in nadaun –liberated by gorkhas - 1805 
• State of mandi come under sikhs -1809 
• William moorcraft travelled in Mandi in 1820 –ishwari sen 
• After Ishwari sen jalim sen –king of mandi -1823 
• Sansar chand kamlah did not capture the fort 
• Khushal singh –appointed by Ranjit singh to collect tax from mandi 
• During ishwari sen king Ugrasingh of bushar took refuge In mandi 
• Former king oF nagpur Appa Saheb Also Lived In mandi From 1822 to 1826

Zalim sen 

• Iswari sen had no legitmate children 
• Four illegimate children -Mian Ratan Sen, Kapoor Sen BalveerSen,Bhag sen 
• After ishwari sen –zalim sen –become King mandi 
• Zalim sen now required 75000 rupees In sikh court as annual tax instead - 50000-he forced people to payed tax 
• Tied lehna singh and captured thara and Raghupura region Of kullu 
• Zalim sen assigned task state administration to balvir Sen –third mistress son of ishwari sen 
• Balvir sen king Of Mandi after Zalim Sen 1839 
• Lord vigne -1839 

Balveer Sen 

• King of Mandi -1839 
• Naunihal singh –grandson of Maharaja Ranjit Singh under leadership general vanchura and captured mandi city and kamlah garh Fort 
• 1840 –balvir sen improsoned –kept govindgarh fort in amritsar 
• Come under control british govt. 
• Died -1851 
• Gassau wazir –battle of aliwal-accepted Raja of Mandi

Vijay sen 

• Age at 4years –supervision gosaun wazir and mian Bhag singh 
• Purohit shivshanker –not work for education 
• Mr clarke as a teacher -1863 
• 1864 – gave 11 gun salutes to vijay sen to help revolt 1857 
• Lord mayo came -1871 
• Palampur court -1872 
• Sir henry davies -1874 
• Delhi durbar -1877 
• Built victoria suspension bridge -1878 
• Built suspension bridge over uhle river -1881 
• Charles hutichson visited Mandi -1883 
• Mian uttam singh –wazir –vijay sen 
• Mian jwala singh and mian udhamsingh become wazir 
• The mandi kullu road -1881 
• In 1901 Padajivananda was called from jodhpur and appointed as wazir 
• Conferred title raibahadur 
• Vijay sen 1902 
• Lord elgin –mandi -1899 , lala lajpat Rai -1906

Bhavani sen 

• Sir charles rivaz –governor of punjab –bhavani sen -1903 
• Went lahor meet prince wales -1905 
• Lord kitchner around 1905 
• Built durbar hall 1906 
• In 1909 at time Bhavani sen , sobharam revolted 
• Raja bhavani sen Wazir Padha was puppet In hands Of jeeva nand 
• Col HS Davis suppressed the rebellion oF sobharam and Imprisoned Him And sent him black water and Appointed Indrasingh son of uttam Singh in place of Padhajivananda as wazir 
• Bhavani Sen attended The Delhi durbar held in december 1911 –george V 
• Raja Died At age oF 29 only february 1912 After returning From delhi court 

Joginder sen 

• Succeeded by Sir lewis Dane 
• Last ruler –mandi 
• Title knighthood 
• Educated queen Mary college 
• Hutichson lahore Garden walker appointed suprintendent of mandi 
• 1914 gadar party conspiracy –Mandi 
• Bhai hirdaya ram hanged along with mathara das lahore conspiracy case – black water 
• Mandi conspiracy –Mian jawahar singh And rani khairgarhi 
• Mian jawahar sent to kalapani 
• Rani khairgarhi was expelled from country and went to know lucknow 
• Sidha kharada –main culprit mandi conspiracy 
• Sent black water

Geography 

• Latitude -31 degree 13’50’’N- 32 degree 04’30 
• Longitude -76 degree 37 to 77 degree 23 east 
• Located –central part 

Borders 

• East –Mandi 
• West – Bilaspur and Hamirpur 
• Kangra –North 
• South –shimla and Solan 

Mountain ranges 

• Ghoghar dhar –Salt mines of Gumma and Drang 
• Sikandar dhar –Named under sikander lodhi during kagra campaign Kamladhar and Lindy Dhar 
• Berkot Dhar –Streams starts from Rewalsar and goes to suket

Rivers 

• Satluj Enters mandi firnu Beas 
• Enters mandi bajaura –larji
• Sainj and tirathan –place 
• Beas river joins Uhal ,Luni from North 
• Jhanjheli ,suketi,Sone, 
• bhokhar and Ramoli –south by pandoh 

Lakes 

Rewalsar 

• important religious places for Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhists alik 
• floating reed islands 
• Padmasambhava-lotus Padamdev 
• Sage Lomas
• Gurudwara that was built in 1930 Raja Joginder Sen of Mandi.

Prashar lake 

• Floating island 
• Rishi prashar 
• Pagoda style temple
• Kumarwah Chachiot in Mandi District, 
• The gold and silver offerings

KAMRUNAG LAKE 

• Pent roof temple of Dev Kamruna King Yaksha of Mahabharta Was worshiped by Pandavas

Kunt Bhyog 

• Height 1700 metres 
• Naina devidhar 
• Mother Kunti
• Kalasar 
• Altitude 1755 
• On the bank lake Rewalsar 

Sukhsar Lake 

• Lilasar 
• Khadlasar

Pandoh lake 

• Beas river 
• Mandi 
• Irrigation –balh valley 

Temples 

Bhootnath

• Raja ajber sen 
• Ardhnarishwar 
• 1526 

Shyamakali 

• Located mandi 
• Built by king shyam sen 
• Prashar temple 
• King bansen -1346

Magru Mahadev 

• Mandi
• Bhatuk bhairav 
• Shambu mahadev 
• Sidh bhadra –Padal 
• Sidhkali sairi- Padal
• Sidh ganpathi temple –surakothi 
• Sidh jalpa temple 
• By sidh sen 
• Madhav rao temple 
• Suraj sen

Arts and culture 

• Languages 
• Mandi –mandiyali 
• Suketi Sundernagar 
• Sarkaghati –Sarkaghat ,Baldri 

Folk songs 

• Mandi 
• Nirmand Ri Brahmaniye 
• Mani ram patwaritya 
• Na manyao Hansa 
• Luddi dhoksa

Demographic 

• Area -3950 
• Literacy -81.53 
• Sex rato -1007 
• Population density -253

Administrative setup 

• Development Blocks-Mandi, Sadar Balh, Sunder Nagar Gopalpur, Dharampur, Drang, Chauntra, Seraj Gohar Karsog,BaliChowki,Nihri, Dhanotu
• Subdivision -Mandi Sadar Balh Sunder Nagar Sarkaghat Dharampur Joginder Nagar Padhar Gohar Thunag Karsog Balichowki Kotli
• Tehsils -Mandi SadarBalhSunder NagarSarkaghat Dharampur Joginder Nagar Padhar Chaachiot Thunag Karsog,Kotli,Baldwara,Nihari,Aut,Sandhol,Balchowki,Ladbharol 
• SubTehsil
• Pangna,Kataula,Tikken,Chhatri,Rewalsar,Dehar Tihra,Bhadrota,Makriri,Mandap,Bagachanaugi