HP GK Details Of Solan In English

HP GK Details Of Solan In English

Solan 

• History of solan 
• Geography 
• Rivers 
• Passses 
• Mountains 
• Culture 
• Arts 
• Demographics 
• Fairs and festivals 
• Temples 

History 

• The district in its present form comprises of the erstwhile princely states of Bhagal, Bhagat, Kunihar, Kuthar, Mangal, Beja, Mahlog, Nalagarh and parts of Keonthal and Kothi 
• Hilly areas of composite Punjab State which were merged in Himachal Pradesh on the Ist November, 1966 on the reorganisation of composite Punjab on the linguistic basis. 
• Most of these princely state as per history were subjected to the onslaught of Gorkha invasion from the year 1803 to 1815. 
• It was in the year 1815 that after the gorkhas lost to the Britishers, these states were freed and restored to the respective rulers.
• Most of the states were small in area and population and were under the control of the superintendent of Shimla Hill States before Independence. 
• Himachal Pradesh appreared on the administrative map of the country on the 15th April, 1948 
• The states of Bhagat, Baghal, Kunihar, Kuthar, Mangal, Beja, Keonthal and Koti formed a part of the then Mahasu District
• Nalagarh state which was merged after Independence in Patiala and East Punjab State Union 
• Later on formed a part of Punjab when the reorganisation of the states took place in 1966 and remained a tehsil of Ambala District, Kandaghat and Shimla tehsils of Shimla district like other hilly areas of Kullu, Lahaul and Spiti and Kangra districts become part of Himachal Pradesh on the Ist November, 1972 
• Solan District sprang up on the administrative map of the state. 
• Solan District derives its name from Solan town which came into existence after the construction of the Cantonment at that place around the last quarter of the 19th century,

Bhagaat 

• Part of kasauli and solan city 
• Bhagaat means bahu and ghat and full of ghats 

Establishment –

• established by Basant Pal from dharna giri 
• Rana Inderpal named it bhagaat 
• Freed from bilaspur in 1790 
• Rana Mahender Singh become the first independent ruler of bhagaat 
• British – After the death of MahenderSingh in 1839 it comes under british and Rana Vijay singh become ruler and after his death it comes under british according to doctrine of lapse 
• Umed singh rana took charged on 1862 but unable to ruled due to ageing 
• Rana Dalip singh become ruler and changed Boch to Solan as capital 
• Rana Durga singh become last ruler and named as himachal pradesh on 26 january 1948 on solan darbar

Kunihar 

• Founded by Abhoj Deo 
• Capital was hatkoti 
• During gorkha invasion Magan dev was the ruler 
• After gorkhas expelled by britishers Mungari das was the ruler 
• Rao Hardev Singh was last ruler 

Kuthar 

• Founded by surat chand from kishtwar 
• Part of handur and bilaspur jagir before 1815 
• Kuthar state become Keonthal jagir during gorkhas 
• Ruler of kuthar was GopalChand –refuge in ManiMajra at time of gorkha invasion 
• In 1815 AD to Rana Bhup Singh Subathu was a part of Keonthal merged in Kuthar 
• Subathu fort was built by Gorkhas-established first military outpost in1816

Bhagal ( Arki ) 

• Establishment –founded by Ajay Dev 
• Situated near ghambhar river and capital was sairi dhundhan dugali and darla 
• Rana Sabhachand -made arki as capital of bhagal in 1643 and and one of the important ruler 
• Arki city was established by Rana Sabhachand 
• Gorkha attack –gorkha attacked during the era of Rana Jagat Singh and remained under their existence till 1803 to 1815 
• Arki remained as headquarter of gorkhas 
• Rana jagat singh refuged at nalagarh fort for seven years 
• British removed the gorkhas in 1815 
• Sansar chand ‘s son anirudh chand took refuge at Jagat Singh Rana on the fear of gorkhas

Mehlog State – 

• Founded by Veerchand came from ayodhya 
• Resided in Patta Village and Made it His capital 
• Uttamchand transferred the capital -to kotDharsi in 1612 
• State of princely state of Keonthal 

Gorkha invasion – 

• Under the control Of 1815AD 
• During this time Sansar chand ruler of Mehlog took refuge with king ramsharan Of hindur 
• The British government granted mahlog independence from gorkha invaders in 1815 
• British control 
• Dalip chand – ascended throne after sansar chand death 
• Ragunath chand Was Conferred title of Rana by british government 
• Ragunath Chand ‘s son durga singh was conferred title of thakur By British government Last ruler –Thakur narender chand

Beja princely state 

• Founded by tanwar Raja Dholchand Of Delhi 
• According To some other texts Beja PrincelY state was Founded by gaurav chand 
• Under Bilaspur –become independent after defeat of kehlur by hindur 

Gorkha invasion 

• Maanchand was head of princely state at the time of invasion 
• After removal of gorkhas again handed over the ruleto him 
• And given title thakur by british Laxmi chand was The Last ruler oF princely state of Beja 
• Merged with Solan tehsil on 15April1948 

Mangal 

• Founded by atri rajput From marwar 
• Manor princely state Of bilaspur 
• Named after mangal Singh 

British control- 

• After liberation From gorkha Control in 1815 the british govt Granted treaty To Rana Bahadur singh Rana Shiv singh was the Last ruler Of mangal 
• Merged with Arki on 15april 1948 

Hindur 

• Establishment -Founded By Ajay chand around 1100AD, elder son of Kahal Chand 
• Branch of Kahlur princely state 
• Taimur Invasion -Invaded India 1398AD 
• King –Alamchand supported Taimur lang 
• Did not harm hindur 
• Vikram Chand –city Nalagarh made capital of Handur 
• Ramchand –built fort Ramgarh and made Ramshahr his summercapital 
• King AjmerChand –Ajmer Garh Fort 
• RamSharan –supported Sansar Chand 
• Defeated Ratanpur and BahadurpurFort in 1790 by Defeating princely state Kehlur 
• At Time of gorkha invasion King ramsharan had to Hide In ram city fort for 3years 
• Gorkhas captured ramshahr In 1804AD 
• Took refuge in fort oF plassey For 10years 
• Pahari painting developed iN hindur during time of King ramsharan 
• Ramsharan along with david drove gorkha from Hindur in 1814 
• Gorkha surrendered at malaon fort of hindur 
• King ramsharan died in 1848 
• Raja vijay singh become king after Raja ramsharan

British Rule

• Took control Of Nalagarh from1857 to 1860
• agarsingh 1860AD ,Ishwari singh 1878 become king
• Nalagarh merged with pepsu during Surender singh reign 
• nalagarh merged with Himachal Pradesh in 1966 And Become Part of Solan district in 1972

Formation of District 

• on 15April 1948 Baghat , bhagal , Kunihar , Mehlog , Mangal  were Parts OF Mahasu 
• While Nalagarh state is of Pepsu (Patiala And East Punjab States Union 
• Nalagarh Was Tehsil Of Ambala District 
• Nalagarh And Kandhaghat were Merged As part Of shimla on 1November 1966 In HP 
• Nalagarh ,Kandaghat ,Arki , solan were Formed On september 1972 Ad 

Temples 

• Shoolini temple 
• Located in shimla 
• City is named after the mother of shoolini 
• Jatoli 
• Highest temple of himachal 
• Famous Shiv temple in Solan 
• One of the Oldest 
• Religious temple. 
• Chail:- 
• Famous place of Himachal Pradesh., 
• built as summer retreat by the Maharaja of Patiala 
• The Palace Chail, Cricket Ground, Kali Tibba and Hanuman Temple 
• Famous for scottish red deer

Famous Places 

Dagshai Cantonment Board :- 

• Situated on Kalka-Shimla Highway 
• Established at 1849 with 54rooms 
• Revolt 1857 –Nusery Battalian gorkhas sent to the jail 
• Name was derived -Urdu phrase “DAAG-E-SHAHI” - , 
• which connote the Royal Brand/Stamp. 
• The prisoners -sent to Dagshai Villages in 1849 
• Jail was constructed known as Central Jail. 
• Ireland resident James Daily shot here who was last member of britishers 
• Buried in dagshai till 1970 after it to ireland 
• Setup mueseum which gave to people on oct 2011 
• Cantonment Board, Dagshai is a statutory body 
• constituted under the Cantonments Act, 2006

Kasauli Cantonment Board:- 

• Established -1850 Cantonment Board, 
• A Statutory body . 
• Cantonment Board as a municipal body 
• Famous for monkey point 
• Famous for antirabies , tv tower 

Mohan National Heritage Park:- 

• Upcoming heritage park 
• at studying the Vedic Sciences 
• Educate the younger generation 
• about the findings of the Vedas 
• and ancient Indian Culture. 
• Located at Shakti Sthal on NH 22 
• between Kalka and Shimla. 
• The park is located at the „Hart Village

Mohan Meakin Limited – 

• a large group of companies 
• which started with Asia's first brewery in 1855 
• Dolanji Bon Monastery, Solan. 
• Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, NauniSolan-1985 
• The Palace near Palace Road.
• Pandavas cave at Mount Karol,

Economy 

• Industrial estates -1961-62 in solan
• Barotiwala -1964-65 
• Parwanoo-1975 
• Processing unit hpmc _parwanoo 
• Dolmite Deposites in Nalagarh 
• Gypsum in kuthar 
• Limestone in dadlaghat 
• Mohanmeakin brewery -1855 solan 
• Baddi largest industrial city 
• Ambuja cement – Dadla ghat 
• Mushroom city District Formation 
• 15 april-1948 –all princely staes part of mahasu while Nalagarh state –pepsu 
• Nalagarh was the tehsil of Ambala 
• Nalagarh, kandaghat merged with shimla on 1nov,1966 
• Nalagarh,arki,solan were formed on 1 st september 1972 

Geography 

• Located In south western part 
• Latitude –30 degree to 31 degree N 
• Longitude -76 degree to 77 degree E 

Borders 

• North – Mandi 
• South -Sirmaur , Haryana 
• East-Shimla 
• West –Punjab 

Rivers

• Asani 
• tributary of the Giri river which in turn drains into the Yamuna river. 
• This river flows along a deep V shaped. 
• carved a steep gorge across the off-shoots of the Nag Tibba ridge. 
• Numerous small spring fed tributaries join the Ashni river 
• at various places along its course. 
• Kaushal – tributary of ghaggar 
• Sirsa –nalagarh

Wildlife sanctuaries 

• A Majathal -1962-40sqkm 
• Shilli -2-1963 
• Chail -109sqkm -1976 
• Darlaghat -1962-4sqkm 

Administrative setup 

• Sub-Divisions - 4-Solan, Arki, Kandaghat, Nalagarh] 
• Tehsil- 7- [Solan, Arki, Kandaghat, Nalagarh, Baddi, Ramsheher, Kasauli] 
• Sub Tehsil- 5 -Darlaghat, Kunihar, Krishangarh, Mamligh , Panjhera]
• Development Blocks- 5-Solan, Kandaghat, Dharampur, Nalagarh, Kunihar]
• Parliamentary Constituency 1- Shimla Parliamentary Constituency(SC) 
• Assembly Constituencies 5-Arki Nalagarh Doon,Solan(SC),Kasauli (SC)

Demography 

• Area: 1936 Sq. Km. 
• Population: 5,80,320 
• Language: Hindi, Pahari 
• Villages: 2614 
• Male: 308754 
• Female: 271566 
• Sex ratio-880 
• Litearcy -83.68% 
• Population density -300