HP GK Details Of Kullu In English
Kullu
- History of Kullu
- Geography
- Rivers
- Passses
- Mountains
- Art and Culture
- Demographics
- Fairs and festivals
- Temples
- Economy
HISTORY
- PAL DYNASTY
- SOURCES OF KULLU STATE
Description of Kulut Desh –
- Mythological texts of Kullu
- Found in the Rajatarangini, in Ramayana, Vishnupurana,Kadambari,Mahabharata ,Vrihatsamhita
- Kullut –land of Gandharvas
- Called kullantpeeth
- Genealogy –APF Harcourt - , Kullu and Lahaul Spiti
- Description of HieunTsang
- State of kullu -635 AD
- Pointed out circumference of Kullu princely -800Km which 187 from Jallandhar
- According -1000 budhist monks study Mahayana –princely state
- Ashoka built budhist stupa at kullu in memory of lord Budha visit to kullu
- Salari shilalekh Kullu about the Gupta ruler Chandergupta
Mahabharata Period
- Hiddimba –goddess of kullu princely –Married Bhima
- Ghatochkacha -Bhima –Hidimba –Mahabharata
- Seven Waziris
- Parol Waziri (KulluCity)
- Waziri Rupi (Between Parvat and Sainj Khad)(Kanwar Region)
- Waziri Lag Maharaj (From Sarvari and Sultanpur to Bajaura)
- Waziri Bhangal ( Chota Bangahal region)
- Waziri Lahaul
- Waziri Lag Sari (Between Fozal and Sarwari khad )
- Waziri Siraj ( Divides Siraj into Jalori Pass in Two parts)
Establishment of Kullu Princely State
- Established by Vihimgpal –Haridwar
- Ancestors settled in Allahbad to almora and Then to Haridwar
- Vihamgpal after defeating local jagirdaars living in Jagatsukh house chapairam
- Established Jagatsukh as second capital
- Pachpal defeated King Of Ghazan And Bewala
- Second oldest princely State
Visudhpal –
- After Defeating Samanta Karamchand of Naggar in Battle
- Shifted Nagggar From Jagatsukh
- Rudrapal
- King Rajendersen of Spiti attacked Kullu
- Forced to pay tax
- Chamba also Snatched Lahaul region from Kullu
Prashidpal
- Defeated Chetman of Spiti
- Got lahaul liberated from princely State Chamba
Dateshwar Pal
- King Meru verman of Chamba atttacked Kullu and defeated Dateshwar pal
- Killed this war
- 31st king of pal dynasty
Jareshwar Pal
- Got kullu Freed From Chamba with help Of Bushahar Princely state
- King was Laxmi varman at time Jareshwar Pal
NaradPal –
Contemprory of Sahil Varman , King Of ChambaBhup pal –
- 43rd King of Kullu
- Contemprory of Veersen
- Founder of Suket State
- Defeated Bhuppal in Siraj And Held Him Captive
Invasion of pal dynasty Of neighbouring States
- Bushahar during Hastpal -2
- Bangahal during Narinder Pal
- Kangra During Nandpal
- Suket during Keralpal attacked and captured Kullu
- Forced to pay tribute
Urdanpal
- 72nd king Urdanpal of palvansh
- Built temple of Sandhya devi –jagatsukh
Last ruler of Pal dynasty
- Kailash pal
- Last Pal of palvansh
Singh Badani dynasty
- Princely state Of suket -50years of Kailash pal
- 1500 AD -Siddha Singh Established Singh badanI Dynasty
- Jagatsukh capital
Bahadur singh (1532)
- Bahadur singh ascended throne
- Contemprory of king Arjun Sen of Suket
- Conquered Waziri Rupi-and Ranas And Thakurs Of Siraj and annnexed them into his Kingdom
- Built A palace –Makrasa
- Founded by Makas ,Son Of Vidura of Mahabharata
- Married to daughter of Tandi demon
- Makas was brought up by rishi vyas
- Capital is Naggar
- Bahadur got his son i.e PratapSingh married to daughter Of King Ganesh varman of Chamba
- Bahadur singh –Pratap Singh(1559-75) , Paratab Singh (1575-1608) Prithvi Singh(1608-1635) and Kalyan Singh(1635-37) ruling Kullu under Mughals
Jagat singh (1637-72)
- Powerful King
- Captured Lag waziri and out Seraj
- Defeated jogchand oF duggilag And sultanchand Of sultanpur
- And captured lag waziri
- Aurangzeb called Him king of Kullu
- Raja Jagat singh –revolted against Darah Shikoh -1640
- Refused to obey his decree in 1657
- Handed over royalty to Raghunath ji to get rid –blame Suicide –tipari
- Ordered statue of Raghu nathji –damodar Das to Ayodhya –handed to king
- Celebrated on Dhalpur plain –Raja Jagat Singh
- From naggar –Sultanpur in 1660
- Built temple and Palace of Raghunath ji in1660 AD
Vidhi Singh
- Assisted Mughal Army in fight against Tibet and got the Part of Upper Lahaul
- Withdrew portion between chandrabhaga to Tandi from Chamba
Mansingh (1688-1719)
- King attacked Mandi and captured Gumma Drang salt mines - 1700AD
- Assisted Queen –after killing of Raja PrithviPal –Banghal by King sidh sen of Mandi –and Defeated army of Mandi –by seizing the part Of Beed
- Subjugated Lahaul spiti –border of tibet with Lingti River
- Merged Shangri with Kullu and Collected taxes from king of kotgarh, Kumarsen , balsen
- Won Fifteen twenty part of outer court from bushahar
- Area become 10 thousand Square miles
- 1719 – Along Ruler of princely state of bushahar , king of kumarsen killed mansingh in Srikot
Raj singh 1719-1731
- Guru govind singh ji visited Kullu during Raj Singh Reign
- Asked for help against Mughals
- king rejected
Jai Singh 1732-1742
- Raja shamsher Sen Of Mandi –invaded Kullu and captured Chahaaur area
- Jai Singh -Resided Ragunath temple In Ayodhya
- Handed over the Kingdom To his Cousin terhi singh
Tedi singh (1742-67)
- Killed oponents
- Misguidley By dancer and sanyasi
- Arrogant chand attacked Kullu
- At the same time Muslim fundamentalists
- Broke The idols Of bajaura Temple
- Raja tedi singh – did not Have Legtimate child
- Pritam maid’s Son- ascended throne In1767
Pritam singh 1767-1806
- Contemprory of king Of kangra Sansar chand , King mandi Shamsher sen ,Raja Raj singh Of chamba
- During his reign Raja Raj Singh of Chamba captured Beed Banghal and Imprisoned Wazir bhagchand of kullu
- Whom Raja pritam Singh rescued by paying -15000 Rs
Vikram singh 1806-1816
- After death of Pritam Singh in 1806
- Vikram Singh ascended throne
- First Sikh invasion Of kullu took -1810
- Led By sikh Diwan Mokham Chand
- Vikram Singh Gave Sangri region
- Sansar Chand -Also collected tax from Kullu
Ajit Singh
- Vikram singh married queen had no children
- After His death –Ajit singh-son Of Vikram Singh's Mistress
- During Time Raja Ajit singh –William Moorcraft travelled
- Kishan singh uncle –Raja Ajit -attacked kullu with help oF kangra
- Raja Ajit Singh defeated Kishan Singh with help Mandi
- Amir shuja of kabul took refuge Kullu
- Kullu Army invaded Spiti In1818 under the leadership of Wazir Shobha ram brother
- Kullu Army Attacked Zaskar -1818-19 with help of lahaul army
- Genernal ventura invaded kullu with Mandi in 1840 AD and drove Raja Ajit Singh
- Raja Ajit singh took refuge in princely State Of kullu
- Raja Ajit Singh Was Sikh emperor – refuge Sangri –died 1841
- Sikhs from 1840-1846 AD
British Power and Formation
- After First Sikh War on March 9,1846 comes under British
- Provided Waziri rupi to Rulers of Kullu
- Lahaul Spiti –merged with Kullu on March 9th ,1846
- Spiti Was merged with Ladakh to kullu
- Kullu was incorporated in 1846 by forming a subdivision of Kangra
- First assistant Commissioner of Kullu subdivision –Captain Hay
- Headquarter Of Siraj tehsil was Banjar at that time
- Spiti was removed from Siraj in 1862 and made tehsil oF kullu
- 1863 lord Elgin came to Kullu and He was the first viceroy to visit Kullu
- Lahaul spiti was formed on 30th june 1960 and separated from Kullu subdivision
- Kullu subdivision was separated From kangra in 1963 and made district of Punjab
- First Deputy Commisioner of Kullu –Gurucharan singh
- Kullu District was merged with Punjab on 1st november,1966
Geography
- Latitude -31 degree 21 and 32 degree 25 North
- Longitude -76 degree 55 and 76 degree 50 East
Borders
- North – Lahaul spiti
- South –Shimla
- East –Kinnaur
- West –Mandi
Rivers
Satluj
- Borders of kullu and shimla
Beas –
- Vedic name Arijikiya
- Origin –Beas Kund
- Kangra enters from Sandhol
- Mandi enters from Bajaura
- Punjab enters From Mirthal
Tributaries of Beas
Parbati
- Origin - Mantalai
- Merged - Bhunter –Beas
Tirthan –
- Originates Pirpanjal
- Joins beas near Larji
Sainj
- Origin Supkani peak of spiti valley
- Joins beas near larji
Harla
- Joins beas at bhunter
Springs
- Vashisth –Hot water
- Kheerganga –Hot water
- Kasol –hot water
- Manikarna –hot water
- Rahla –Cold water
Passes
Rohtang pass
- Eastern end of the Pir Panjal Range -from Manali
- Connects the Kullu Valley -Lahaul and Spiti Valleys
- Elevation: 3,978 m
Pin Parvati pass
- At 5,319 m.
- First crossed -August 1884 - Sir Louis Dane –
- Alternate route to the Spiti valley.
- Connects Parbati valley - Pin valley on the Spiti side
Jalori
- High mountain pass
- At an elevation of 3.134m
- (10,282ft) above the sea level
Dulchi: -Mandi-Kullu - 2,788 metres.
Bhubu: Jogindernagar and Kullu -2,895 metres.
Rashol Jot: Kullu -3,230 metres.
Pajanund Galu: Mandi Kullu region -3,280 metres.
Khauli Galu: Kullu -3,440 metres.
ChandarKhani Galu: Kullu 3,300 metres
Gharhu Jot: -3,730 metres - Kullu
Sari Galu: Kangra-Kullu -3,740 metres.
Bherianga Pass: Kullu-Kangra region -4,140 metres.
Rangchi Galu: -4,540 metres - Kullu.
Shi Jot: -4,530 metres - Kullu.
Kathikukri: - 4,640 metres -Kathikukri - Kullu-Kangra region.
Animal Pass: Animal Pass in Kullu --4,880 metres.
Taintu Ka Jot: -Kullu_kangra -5,000 metres
Sara Umga Pass: 5,010 metres -Kullu-Spiti
Lakes
Seruvalsar Lake
- High-altitude lakes -3100 m from sea level.
- Reach Jalori pass, -76 km from Kullu..
- Very small temple of Burhi Nagini Devi,
- The snake goddess.
- Local women worship the Goddess –
- Pour ghee on the lake shores.
Dashir Lake
- Rohtang Pass
- Believed to have therapeutic properties
- Akbar ‘s daughter’s body was fine after Bathing here .
Nainsar lake –
- Bhim Dwar and shrikhand mahadev
- Bhima prepared cave
- During shrikhand yatra Visit pilgrims
Mantalai Lake -Parbati River
Deoria lake -Sainj Valley
Hansa Lake -Sainj Valley
Shringtingu Lake - Shrintingu Lake
Hansa Lake
Bhrigu Lake
Mountains of Kullu
- Dibibokri – Kullu -6400
- Deotibba –kullu - 6001
- Solang –kullu – 5975
- Maiwa kandinu – 5944
- Paranga la –Kullu- 5579
- Umashila –Kullu - 5294
- Shitidhar –kullu - 5290
- Patalsu –kullu - 4470
- Srikhand –Kullu - 5182
- Inderkila –Kullu - 4940
- PinParbati –Kullu -4800
- Ghoralantinu-kullu-4760
Temples
Bijli Mahadev
- Located on Banks of River Beas
- Ancient temples in India
- dedicated to Lord Shiv
- light strikes on shivalings
- Shivaling broke in parts
- Which was rejuvenate by ghee and makhan By Priest
Hidimba devi temple
- The snow-covered hills of Manali
- Wife of Bhima and mother of Ghatothkach
- Locally known as Dhungari Temple,
- built in Pagoda style,
- four-storeyed with flat roofs.
- Raja Bahadur singh
- built on this rock in 1553
Bajaura temple
- Situated in Bajaura,
- Lord Shiva,
- 9th century
- Yoni Lingam’
Jamlu devta
- Jamadgni
- Malana in Kullu
Manu temple
- dedicated to the King Manu,
- Later known as Sage Manu.
- Valley of Manali
Raghunath temple
- Located in Kullu
- Built by kingh Jagat singh
- built in the year 1651 by Raja Jagat Singh
- took shelter of Fuhri Baba - Kissan Das J
Kartikya temple
- Dedicated to Kartik
- Konkhan
Kapil muni
- Maan Singh of Kullu
Folk dances
- Kadathi –folk Dance of kullu
- Khadayala –folk dance of kullu, with sword of pilgrimage
- Lalhadi –dance of kullu
- Rhujhakanilanathi-Slow motion of naati
- Swang Tegi- Dusshera kullu –wooden mask of tiger
- Drori and Dhumrvenei -jagrana
Folk songs
- Laman
- Bhoru
- Brahman
Demography
- Area -5503
- Sex ratio-942
- Literacy rate-79.40%
- Population density -80
Administrative setup
- Development blocks - 5- Kullu ,Naggar ,Banjar ,Anni,Nirmand
- Sub Division - 4 Kullu, Manali,Banjar, Anni
- Tehsils - 5- Kullu,Manali,Banjar,Anni,Nirmand
- Sub-Tehsil - 2 Sainj , Nither
- Mandi Lok Sabha constituency-Kullu
- Vidhan Sabha seats -4 Kullu,Manali,Banjar,Anni
Economy
Fisheries
Banjaar –trout fish
Katrain-trout hatchary farm
Patlikuhl ,Nagini , Moheli -Trout farm
Agriculture and animal husbandary
- Sainj –food grains enrichment Farm –kullu
- Hamta and kuna –Potato development Center
- Katrain- Vegetable Research center
- Captain R.C lee –British variety gardens-bandrolu -1870
- Angora farm -1964-Mohal
- Kullu tea Gardens –Bajaura, Naggar,Raison
- Padha Bansi Lal-local Planters
- A T bannon-1884 Apples
- Duff –Katrain
- Roenick –Bajaura
- Minkan-Naggar
- GCLHavel-1909-Brown fish –river of Kullu
Industry And Minerals
- Rural ITI,Girls ITI –kullu
- Shamshi ITI-1962
- Bhuttico -1944-VedRam Thakur –Shamshi
Minerals
- Limestone-Kayanite,Larji, Harla
Hydroelectric Projects
- Parbati -2051 MW
- Malana Project-86MW
- Larji Project-126MW
- Allain Duhangam
Fairs And Festivals
Kullu Dussehra-
- Dhalpur Maidan
- Ragunath rath yatra
- Started by Raja Jagat Singh
- Seven days
Bhadoli Fair- LordParshuram - son Of Renuka
Budhi Diwali-Nirmand
Dungari Fair –Memory Goddess Hidimba
Valleys
Manikaran –
- Hotwater spring
- Dedicated to shiva n parbati
- Lost earrings
NaggarRoerich Art Mueseum
- Russia 1942-
- IndiraGandhi ,Jawahar Lal
- Capital of kullu
Bhunter –Airport
- Harla joins Beas bhunter
Malana –
- Oldest Democracy
- Keneshthan and Jeyesthang
- UpperAnd lower session
National Parks and Wild Life Sanctuary
Great Himlayan Parks
- 754Sq.km
- established in 1984
- status of national park -1999
- UNESCO-2014
Kheerganga -established in 2010
- 710sq.km
- Located in kullu
Inderkila
- 2010
- 710Sq.km
Wild Life Sanctuary
- Kais
- Konkhan
- kanawar
- Manali
- Tirthan
Important person
- Pratap singh -1857 –Leader –hanged dharamshala
- Roerich – maharishi –Naggar
- L.C prathi -kullu and quit india movement